Root Distribution Effects on Transpiration in Forested Watersheds
نویسندگان
چکیده
土壌水分欠損量と土壌水分の静水圧平衡の仮定を用いることにより，根の分布を考慮して蒸散量を推定できるモデルを開発した．このモデルは，改良した神田・日野のモデルを用いて根からの吸水を計算し，Makkinkの式を用いて葉の水分要求を計算する．また，ガンマ分布を導入して，根の鉛直分布を表現している．さらに，入力には気象と土壌のオープンデータのみを必要とする．森林総合研究所竜ノ口山森林理水試験地にモデルを適用して解析を行った結果，遮断蒸発と蒸散をあわせて，概ね10%の誤差で蒸発散量推定を行うことができた．モデルから，土壌水分量の減少によって蒸散が抑制されない場合であっても，根の水分供給能の限界によって蒸散の制約が生じ，蒸散が頭打ちになることが示された．また，根が深層の土壌水分を利用するために，裸地面と比較して，蒸発散の効率が低下しにくいことを，モデルが定量的に表現できることが示された．
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Japan Society of Hydrology & Water Resources
سال: 2024
ISSN: ['0915-1389', '1349-2853']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.3178/jjshwr.37.1807